Touchscreens in cars significantly reduce road safety. This is the conclusion reached by researchers from Washington State University together with the Toyota Research Institute.
The experiment involved 16 drivers who operated driving simulators in conditions as close as possible to real urban traffic. While driving, participants were asked to perform simple actions on the touchscreen, such as changing vehicle settings or switching radio stations.
The scientists tracked eye and hand movements, as well as physiological indicators that made it possible to assess stress levels and mental workload. The results were revealing: the accuracy and speed of working with the touchscreen interface decreased by more than 58% compared with situations in which the driver was not behind the wheel.
The main problem is distraction from the road. While interacting with the touchscreen, drivers deviated from their lane 40% more often, which directly increases the risk of accidents.
The authors of the study emphasize that even simple actions performed via a screen require visual and cognitive resources that the driver should be directing toward the road. In this regard, the scientists recommend that automakers reduce the number of digital menus and bring back physical buttons for key functions such as climate control, the audio system, and navigation.
It is also proposed to develop adaptive interfaces that change the appearance and availability of functions depending on the driver’s condition. For example, they could enlarge controls or temporarily restrict complex settings when distraction increases.
Some automakers have already begun bringing back physical controls, taking into account safety requirements and driver feedback. The study’s authors hope that these findings will influence the future design of vehicle interiors.